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  • Bitcoin Cynics Are on the Wrong Side of History

    “If you’re stupid enough to buy [Bitcoin], you’ll pay the price for it one day.”

    – Jamie Dimon, CEO of JP Morgan Chase, 2017

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    On March 10, 1876, a new invention sent an invisible electrical signal through a pair of copper wires. On the other end of those wires, the signal was converted to sound waves and Alexander Graham Bell’s assistant heard the now-famous words: “Watson – come here – I want to see you.”

    Later that same year, across the Atlantic, the chief engineer at the British Post Office boldly claimed that “The Americans have need for the telephone, but we do not. We have plenty of messenger boys.”

    Meanwhile, over in America, the President of the Western Union Telegraph Company asserted that “This ‘telephone’ has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication.”

     

    Today, given the prominence of the telephone in our everyday lives, these assertions, made by some of the top executives and experts in the field of communication, seem remarkably absurd. And yet, at the time, they didn’t sound so ridiculous.

    History is replete with entrepreneurs and inventors who have pushed the envelope of innovation and invention to the very edge of human imagination and maybe a little beyond. But new ways of doing things have a natural tendency to obfuscate the old ways, and there are always individuals and groups that benefit from the status quo who are quick to dismiss, and sometimes even condemn, new contraptions and revolutionary ideas.

    The Birth of Bitcoin

    On January 3, 2009, an anonymous developer known as Satoshi Nakamoto mined the first 50 bitcoin and created the Bitcoin Genesis Block. Since then, Bitcoin has provided the basic blueprint for hundreds of other currencies and platforms and has inspired the creation of an uncountable number of blockchain-based solutions to real-world problems.

    But what is Bitcoin and why would I have the audacity to compare it to something as revolutionary as the telephone?

    In short, Bitcoin uses public-key cryptography to create a decentralized, permissionless, publicly-viewable blockchain that serves as an immutable ledger, keeping track of who owns bitcoin and how much, all without a central, governing authority.

    While this sounds complicated (and it is), don’t worry. Knowing cryptography and understanding the details of how a blockchain works are not necessary prerequisites to use and benefit from the technology any more than one needs to know how an internal combustion engine works in order to drive a car or how TCP/IP works in order to use the internet.

    Why Bitcoin? Why Now?

    But what use does the world have for a new type of digital money when we already perform near-instantaneous digital transactions with dollars, euros, and yuan via Paypal, Visa, and other financial institutions?

     

    There are many reasons, including the desire of some people for increased privacy and anonymity in their transactions, more autonomous control over their own digital assets, and the obsolescence of the need for third parties to provide the necessary trust factor between two parties in order to perform a transaction. These are all great reasons why so many people view cryptocurrencies as superior to government-issued, fiat currencies. But there is another reason, one that I think is the most important.

    Much of human history has been dominated by powerful, centralized governments that have been responsible for hundreds of millions of deaths through democide and war in the last century alone. Most of these deaths were made possible by governments’ ability to finance killing on an immense scale by monopolizing the supply of money, printing massive amounts of it, and declaring by fiat that their citizens had to use it, or else.

    That system, that grotesquely bloated machine, incessantly spinning its morbid motor of merciless monstrosity, is thankfully coming to an end.

    The Dawn of a New Era

    The decentralization and democratization of money and banking through cryptocurrencies and platforms like Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum, and Dash threatens the very foundation that makes possible large-scale murder, draconian limitations on international trade, and heavy government regulations on markets across the globe that cause so much destruction of the achievements of yesterday while simultaneously obstructing the progress of tomorrow.

    The proverbial shots have been fired and a bloodless coup d’état of sorts, led by internet nerds, hackers, libertarians, entrepreneurs, and outright geniuses is underway.

    Revolutions do not typically happen overnight, especially one so bold as to question the necessity of a motor as powerful as centralized banking, coupled with seemingly limitless government power. But that motor will stop, and a new one, powered by voluntary, peer-to-peer, decentralized relationships and a greater measure of freedom will take its place.

    In the future, whether it be ten, twenty, fifty, or a hundred years from now, people will look back on the cryptocurrency naysayers of today with the same incredulity that we now have when we look back at the telephone cynics of 1876.


    Justin Faber

    Justin Faber is the oldest of nine unschooled children. He studied Political Science and Philosophy at the University of Utah and is currently the writer for the “All This With Aldous” show.

    This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the original article.




  • Crypto Benefactors of Liberty Are Rising Up

    One of the most intriguing aspects of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged is that the novel’s protagonists actually have great wealth and thus, the power to really change the world. It was precisely this wealth born of value creation that allowed Rand’s heroes to leave behind their booming industries and establish Galt’s Gulch. And by doing so, our heroes instigated the formation of a new society, one that valued individualism, entrepreneurship, and decentralization.

    While Atlas Shrugged may be a work of fiction, the rise of cryptocurrency has presented a new opportunity for real-life heroes to truly enact change.

    Crazy Libertarians and Their Bitcoin

    Over the last several years, and especially over the last few weeks, I have watched some of my closest friends become abundantly wealthy as a result of crypto investments. And while I could not be happier for their financial success, there is something deeply significant about this newfound wealth.

    As Bitcoin grew to become a household name over the years, articles were written cautioning against this burgeoning cryptocurrency. But the concern was not necessarily with Bitcoin itself, or even blockchain; it was about the people who are naturally attracted to such technology.

    In 2013, Forbes wrote about “crazy libertarians” flocking to Bitcoin. This sentiment was echoed by the CEO of Reddit in 2014 when he said, “The user base for Bitcoin is basically crazy libertarians.” And of course, economist Paul Krugman has routinely warned that this new technology is “evil” specifically because its primary users were eager to find ways to bypass the Federal Reserve and the United States’ disastrous monetary policies.

    And while it may be true that your friend who just made a million dollars from Bitcoin also frequently dons an “End the Fed” t-shirt, this is hardly a cause for concern. On the contrary, it is a cause for celebration.

    For decades, many liberty enthusiasts have dedicated themselves to academia, think tanks, or grassroots activism. And while each of these roles is essential to spreading the precepts of liberty, they do not often come with outrageously high salaries.

    There is absolutely no shame in choosing to pursue your passions rather than to seek only financial gain. But there is also no shame in choosing to do both.

    A Plethora of Peter Thiels

    When Paypal founder Peter Thiel donated $500,000 in seed money to start the Seasteading Institute, he was able to do so without batting an eyelash. Coming in at number 12 on Forbes’s 2017 “Midas List,” Thiel has been the poster boy for libertarian success.

    As a prosperous venture capitalist, Thiel has been able to use his vast wealth to fund projects he believes in. Many libertarians advocate political decentralization. And seasteading allows individuals to voluntarily choose to live in permanent dwellings in the middle of the ocean, free from government interference.

    And while the non-libertarian reader might think this idea crazy, what really matters is that because of his net worth of $2.5 billion, he was able to give a total of $1.7 million to the Seasteading Institute.

    But thanks to Bitcoin and other cryptoassets, Thiel is no longer one of the few libertarians with the means to fund decentralization projects.

    Erik Finman was fourteen years old when he purchased as much Bitcoin as he could for $1,000. Given to him by his grandmother, he used the money to buy the cryptocurrency when it was only $12 per bitcoin. Now 19, that investment is currently around $5 million. Finman, who has expressed pro-decentralization sentiment on Twitter, has also decided to use his wealth to fund projects that he believes in.

    Finman dropped out of high school after the public school system failed him. As described in the Bitcoinist, “Finman had a terrible time going through the school system. He was bored and unmotivated. He says one teacher even told him that he would never amount to anything, so he should just drop out of school and start flipping burgers at McDonald’s.”

    But it was this extreme disappointment in the public education system that inspired Finman’s latest project. Committed to creating new privately-funded alternatives to public education, Finman founded Botangle, an online educational platform, in 2013.

    Since then, he has expanded his vision and is now planning to build the “world’s best university” in Dubai. Finman, who believes college has become a waste of time, plans to use his wealth to create the type of school he wished could have existed for himself. But because Bitcoin allowed him to obtain this tremendous wealth, he is now able to impact future generations by funding schools he truly believes in.

    For liberty activists who have been eager to enact change but frustrated by the stumbling blocks presented through the legislative process, they now have the chance to enact real change.

    And this change doesn’t necessarily mean creating something new as Thiel and Finman did.

    As mentioned earlier, think tanks are also integral to spreading liberty. And since most libertarians are opposed to government funding in the form of grants or subsidies, most think tanks and other nonprofit organizations of the liberty persuasion choose instead to raise funds from individual donors.

    Just last week, FEE received one full bitcoin from an anonymous donor. At the time of the donation, that one Bitcoin was worth around $14,000. Whether or not this donor was one of the many liberty activists who just became wealthy from crypto is unknown. However, these types of donations are becoming more and more common as activists now have the money to back their ideas. And that is really where their power lies.

    The Power to Change the World

    So many idealists want to change the world. But the unfortunate reality is that many lack the resources to bring about substantial change.

    On an application for an internship I applied for years ago in college, I was asked how I would spread liberty if had access to large sums of money. Talking through my response with other liberty friends, we imagined all the vast ways we could change the world, if only we had the means to do so.

    Now, one of those friends has made a small fortune thanks to the crypto economy and has used that money not only to donate to causes he believes in, but to also start his own company through which he can spread the message of liberty.

    By using his money to put his beliefs into action, he is, to borrow from Randian speak, stopping the motor of the world, as is Thiel, Finman, and countless others. Since the government has a monopoly on force, we may never be able to achieve success through the legislative process. But each time a crypto activist uses their money to further decentralization, liberty wins. Any doubt of this can be cleared up by considering the fear expressed by many regulators and statist economists every time crypto breaks through another barrier.

    Bitcoin and other crypto assets are tipping the established balance of power. And where so many other ideologies demonize wealth, libertarians understand how this can be used to promote change.

    As the fictional Atlas Shrugged hero Francisco D’Anconia says in his infamous “money” speech, “Your wallet is your statement of hope…”


    Brittany Hunter

    Brittany Hunter is an associate editor at FEE. Brittany studied political science at Utah Valley University with a minor in Constitutional studies.

    This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the original article.




  • 11 Essential Practices to Keep Your Bitcoin Safe

    The recent explosion in the price of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies has inspired me to start a new hobby: helping people recover lost Bitcoin wallets.   

    As might be expected of early adopters in an anonymous Internet cryptocurrency, many of my customers are information security professionals. It seems that many of them set up so many security measures that they locked themselves out of their Bitcoin. On the other hand, I’ve also heard from many more people who lost their Bitcoin or had it stolen because they either did not follow basic security practices or followed them without understanding their implications and also lost their coins. The inherent balance in information security is that you need walls in place to protect against threats, but the walls you put up to protect yourself can lock you out if you forget your way in.

    I, therefore, want to suggest a list of steps that you can take right now to secure your crypto stash. These measures should be both comprehensive enough to keep you safe without being so complicated that you will be locked out of it, or tempted to disable security altogether.

    1: Store your wallet seed somewhere safe.

    People come to me when they lose their Bitcoins any number of ways, but the one common element in their stories is that they failed to save their recovery seed. Most modern wallets ask you to save your recovery seed/mnemonic phrase somewhere safe when you set up your wallet. You can keep it in a safe place (such as an actual safe) or an encrypted flash drive (I use Veracrypt). Triple-check both the words and the word order, as one person I worked with wrote down his seed incorrectly and lost all of his coins.

    2: Use a hardware wallet — or a strongly encrypted software wallet.

    A hardware wallet (an electronic device dedicated to storing Bitcoin) such as a Trezor or Ledger is the safest place for your Bitcoin. Read my Trezor review on Amazon to understand the pros and cons of using one.

    If you don’t use a hardware wallet, use a wallet which supports strong encryption. The JAXX wallet, for example, can be easily hacked and your coins stolen. I use the Electrum wallet, which allows me to encrypt my wallet file.

    3: Encrypt your hard drive.

    Encrypting your whole hard drive is essential if you don’t want anyone with physical or virtual access to your computer to be able to extract all of your data. Modern versions of Windows and Apple iOS make this easy.

    If you have a Mac, encrypt your hard drive with FileVault. If you have Windows, you can use BitLocker to do the same thing. Personally, I do not use Windows to make any Bitcoin transactions because securing the operating system is too cumbersome, specifically because of the steps below.

    4: Set a firmware password.

    Apple computers allow you to set a firmware password which prevents your computer from being accessed without your password or using an external device. This is an additional security measure which makes your computer a lot less useful to thieves as it requires a visit to an Apple store and a proof of purchase to reset it. While older Apple computers had some simple workarounds to disable the firmware lock, modern ones are much more difficult for criminals to unlock.

    5: Automatically lock your computer when you’re away.

    Hard drive encryption will not help you if someone installs a keylogger when you’re away from your keyboard. Set your computer to auto-lock after a few minutes AFK.  Mine is set to auto-lock after five minutes

    Here are instructions for Windows and Mac. I also have a “panic button” via a Touch Bar customization which locks my screen on command. I use it whenever I walk away to get coffee, go to the bathroom, etc.

    6: Disable automatic login.

    Locking does no good if your computer logs in as you when you turn it on. Make sure auto login is disabled.

    7: Use a password manager.

    I use the password manager LastPass to store the over 600 passwords of every service I use. I generate a new, strong password for each service I use it with it.

    LastPass will offer to suck in and audit all your passwords. My score is not great because, like everyone else, before LastPass, I used the same password for most sites before I started using a password manager. LastPass passwords are encrypted using a master password, which for me is a quasi-random list of words which I don’t use for any other purpose.

    However, even if someone gained access to my LastPass credentials, they would not access any of my important services because I also use the following step.

    8: Enable multi-factor access.

    I use LastPass Authenticator in combination with other passwords to access all my important accounts. The LastPass Authenticator iPhone app works with the LastPass Chrome extension to auto-enter credentials for many sites. Multi-factor authentication apps work by cycling a code every 30 seconds which must be entered in addition to the password to access a service. For some services, I also have a physical security token (my Trezor wallet does this, but most people use a YubiKey) which must be physically plugged into my computer to access a site.

    9: Keep your computer up to date.

    Mac OS had a nasty root access bug a few weeks ago. Keep your OS up to date to protect against the latest threats.

    10: Use private, offline mode for sensitive operations.

    I occasionally need to create a paper wallet or perform other sensitive operations in my web browser. This has two risks:

    1. The web page may have malicious code which leaks my keys.
    2. One of my browser extensions may have malicious code (this happened to me a few month ago).

    To work around both of these issues, I perform security-critical operations in an Incognito Chrome window. Incognito disables extensions unless you specifically whitelist them.

    Furthermore, I perform any paper wallet operations with ethernet/Wifi disabled. This prevents malicious code in the wallet from secretly sending your Bitcoin keys to a third party. I then completely quit my web browser before going back online. I also download any browser-based crypto software directly from GitHub rather than random websites.

    11: Setup automatic backups.

    I’ve set up my MacBook for triple-redundant encrypted hourly backups with Apple Time Machine. This is not nearly as easy with Windows. CrashPlan (available on Windows and Mac) allows encrypted backup to local storage devices. Windows has a built-in backup app, but it’s not nearly as simple or powerful as Time Machine.

    While this is not strictly security advice, automating your backups is important from a security perspective. I’ve noticed that people who are not 100% confident in their backups tend to back up important files over flash drives, work computers, email, DropBox, and other services where it is at risk of theft. Some of my clients thought they’d backed up their wallet, but couldn’t figure out which of the 10 flash drives they had actually held their Bitcoins years later. A complete system backup will allow you to restore both the wallet file and the software you used to open it.

    Reprinted from Vellum Capital


    David L Veksler

    David Veksler is the Director of Marketing at FEE.

    This article was originally published on FEE.org. Read the original article.