of Scotland, Robert III 1 2a

Birth Name of Scotland, Robert III
Gender male
Age at Death 69 years, 3 months, 3 days

Narrative

Robert III (c. 1340 – April 4, 1406), King of Scots (reigned 1390 - 1406), the eldest son of King Robert II by his mistress, Elizabeth Mure, became legitimised with the formal marriage of his parents about 1349. (They had previously married in 1336, but some had criticised that ceremony as uncanonical.)

In 1367, Robert III married Anabella Drummond, daughter of Sir John Drummond of Stobhall and Mary Montifex.

In 1368 his grand-uncle King David II of Scotland created him Earl of Carrick, and he took some part in the government of the kingdom until about 1387, when a kick from a horse disabled him. Probably in consequence of this accident his brother Robert, Earl of Fife, and not the crown prince himself, became guardian of the kingdom in 1389; but the latter succeeded to the throne on his father's death in May 1390.

At this time he changed his baptismal name of John - unpopular owing to its connection with John de Baliol; he also wished to avoid being called John II, as recognition of Balliol's kingship would weaken the Bruce title to the throne - for that of Robert, and became crowned at Scone in August 1390 as King Robert III. Although he probably attended several parliaments, the new king was seen only nominally as the ruler of Scotland, the real power remaining in the hands of his brother, the Earl of Fife.

In 1399, however, owing to the king's "sickness of the body", his elder son, David, Duke of Rothesay, gained appointment as lieutenant of the kingdom; but there followed an English invasion of Scotland, serious differences between Rothesay and his uncle, Robert, now Duke of Albany, and finally in March 1402 Rothesay's mysterious death at Falkland Palace.

Robert III began to fear for the fate of his only surviving son, young James. In February 1406 he had James taken in secrecy to Dirleton Castle to wait for a ship to transport him to France. Robert of Fife sent a large force after Crown Prince James and when a battle was fought near-by, James was put in a rowing boat and ferried to the Bass Rock in the Firth of Forth. The 11-year-old heir to the throne and his guardians were left for a month on the tiny, windswept, rocky island among the boiling seas, before a ship arrived trying to bring James to France. Robert of Fife informed the English King, who arranged the ship's interception. Thus James became a prisoner of the King of England for 18 years. When Robert III heard of his son's capture, he became even more depressed and allegedly died from grief over the capture of James. Robert asked to be buried under a dunghill with the epitaph: Here lies the worst of Kings and the most miserable of men. Instead he was interred at Paisley instead of Scone, the traditional burial ground of the Scottish kings, as he did not consider himself worthy of the honour.

 

Marriage and issue
Robert III married Annabella Drummond (c. 1350 - 1402), daughter of Sir John Drummond of Stobhall, and by her had seven children:

Princess Margaret, Lady of Galloway married Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas
Prince Robert, Earl of Carrick
Princess Elizabeth, married Sir James Douglas, 1st Lord of Dalkeith
David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
Princess Mary, married:
1st, George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus
2nd, Sir James Kennedy of Dunure
3rd, Sir William Graham
4th, Sir William Edmonstone of Culloden
James I of Scotland
Princess Egidia
Amongst King Robert's illegitimate children:

Sir John Stewart
James Stewart of Kilbride

References
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.

 

Events

Event Date Place Description Sources
Birth 1337 Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland   1
Death 1406-04-04 Rothsay Castle, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland   1

Age: 69y

Burial   Paisley   3a

Parents

Relation to main person Name Birth date Death date Relation within this family (if not by birth)
Father Stewart, Robert II1316-03-021390-04-19
Mother Mure, Elizabeth13201355
    Sister     Stuart, Catherine 1336 1426
         of Scotland, Robert III 1337 1406-04-04
    Brother     Stewart, Walter 1338 1362
    Brother     Stewart, Robert 1340 1420
    Sister     Stuart, Margaret about 1341
    Brother     Stuart, Alexander Lord of Badenoch 1343 1405
    Sister     Stewart, Elizabeth 1346 1389
    Brother     Stuart, John III 1347
    Sister     Stewart, Isabella Eupheme 1348 1410
    Sister     Stewart, Johanna 1350
    Sister     Stuart, Marjory 1352
    Sister     Stuart, Jean 1355 1440

Families

Family of of Scotland, Robert III and Drummond, Annabella

Married Wife Drummond, Annabella ( * 1350 + 1401 )
   
Event Date Place Description Sources
Marriage 1365-03-13 Dispensation, Scotland   1
  Children
Name Birth Date Death Date
of Scotland, Margaret13701456-09-00
of Scotland, David1378-10-24
Stewart, Mary13801458
of Scotland, Robert1383
of Scotland, Elizabeth1387
of Scotland, Egidia1390
Stewart, James I1394-12-001436-02-21

Source References

  1. Errol Bevan: http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=PED&db=bevangenealogy&id=I32527&style=TABLE @ RootsWeb Ancestries of Errol S. BEVAN and Hollie C. ATKINSON BEVAN to ADAM and EVE including REINHARDT and BLOCKER Cousins and more
  2. Errol Bevan: http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=bevangenealogy&id=I32671 @ RootsWeb Ancestries of Errol S. BEVAN and Hollie C. ATKINSON BEVAN to ADAM and EVE including REINHARDT and BLOCKER Cousins and more
      • Source text:

        ID: I32671
        Name: Robert III (Robert John STEWART) King Of SCOTLAND
        Surname: SCOTLAND
        Given Name: Robert III (Robert John STEWART) King Of
        Sex: M
        Birth: ABT 1337 in Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland
        Death: 4 Apr 1406 in Rothsay Castle, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scotland
        Burial: 1406 Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland
        Ancestral File #: 8J5D-QB 1
        Change Date: 11 Apr 2008 at 01:00:00

        Father: Robert Stewart II King Of SCOTLAND b: 2 Mar 1316 in Dundonald, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland
        Mother: Elizabeth MURE b: ABT 1320 in Of Rowallan, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire, Scotland

        Marriage 1 Annabella DRUMMOND b: ABT 1350 in Of Stobhall, Cargill, Perthshire, Scotland
        Married: 13 Mar 1365 in Dispensation, Scotland
        Children
        James I King Of SCOTLAND b: Dec 1394 in , Dumferline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        Margaret, Princess Of SCOTLAND b: ABT 1370 in Of Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        David Prince Of SCOTLAND b: 24 Oct 1378 in Of Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        Mary STEWART Princess of SCOTLAND b: ABT 1380 in Of Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        Robert, Prince Of SCOTLAND b: ABT 1383 in Of Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        Elizabeth Princess Of SCOTLAND b: ABT 1387 in Of Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        Egidia, Princess Of SCOTLAND b: ABT 1390 in Of Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland
        John STEWART Prince of SCOTLAND b: ABT 1362 in Of Ardgowan, Inverkip, Renfrewshire, Scotland c: in Of Ardgowan, Scotland
        John STEWART b: ABT 1368 in Blackhall c: in Of, Ardgowan, , Scotland

        Sources:
        Repository:
        Name: Family History Library
        Salt Lake City, Utah 84150 USA

        Title: Ancestral File (R)
        Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
        Publication: Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998

         

      • Citation:

        bevangenealogyservices@hotmail.com

  3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_III_of_Scotland Wikipedia: Robert III of Scotland
      • Source text:

        Robert III (c. 1340 – April 4, 1406), King of Scots (reigned 1390 - 1406), the eldest son of King Robert II by his mistress, Elizabeth Mure, became legitimised with the formal marriage of his parents about 1349. (They had previously married in 1336, but some had criticised that ceremony as uncanonical.)

        In 1367, Robert III married Anabella Drummond, daughter of Sir John Drummond of Stobhall and Mary Montifex.

        In 1368 his grand-uncle King David II of Scotland created him Earl of Carrick, and he took some part in the government of the kingdom until about 1387, when a kick from a horse disabled him. Probably in consequence of this accident his brother Robert, Earl of Fife, and not the crown prince himself, became guardian of the kingdom in 1389; but the latter succeeded to the throne on his father's death in May 1390.

        At this time he changed his baptismal name of John - unpopular owing to its connection with John de Baliol; he also wished to avoid being called John II, as recognition of Balliol's kingship would weaken the Bruce title to the throne - for that of Robert, and became crowned at Scone in August 1390 as King Robert III. Although he probably attended several parliaments, the new king was seen only nominally as the ruler of Scotland, the real power remaining in the hands of his brother, the Earl of Fife.

        In 1399, however, owing to the king's "sickness of the body", his elder son, David, Duke of Rothesay, gained appointment as lieutenant of the kingdom; but there followed an English invasion of Scotland, serious differences between Rothesay and his uncle, Robert, now Duke of Albany, and finally in March 1402 Rothesay's mysterious death at Falkland Palace.

        Robert III began to fear for the fate of his only surviving son, young James. In February 1406 he had James taken in secrecy to Dirleton Castle to wait for a ship to transport him to France. Robert of Fife sent a large force after Crown Prince James and when a battle was fought near-by, James was put in a rowing boat and ferried to the Bass Rock in the Firth of Forth. The 11-year-old heir to the throne and his guardians were left for a month on the tiny, windswept, rocky island among the boiling seas, before a ship arrived trying to bring James to France. Robert of Fife informed the English King, who arranged the ship's interception. Thus James became a prisoner of the King of England for 18 years. When Robert III heard of his son's capture, he became even more depressed and allegedly died from grief over the capture of James. Robert asked to be buried under a dunghill with the epitaph: Here lies the worst of Kings and the most miserable of men. Instead he was interred at Paisley instead of Scone, the traditional burial ground of the Scottish kings, as he did not consider himself worthy of the honour.

         

        Marriage and issue
        Robert III married Annabella Drummond (c. 1350 - 1402), daughter of Sir John Drummond of Stobhall, and by her had seven children:

        Princess Margaret, Lady of Galloway married Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas
        Prince Robert, Earl of Carrick
        Princess Elizabeth, married Sir James Douglas, 1st Lord of Dalkeith
        David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
        Princess Mary, married:
        1st, George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus
        2nd, Sir James Kennedy of Dunure
        3rd, Sir William Graham
        4th, Sir William Edmonstone of Culloden
        James I of Scotland
        Princess Egidia
        Amongst King Robert's illegitimate children:

        Sir John Stewart
        James Stewart of Kilbride

        References
        This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.