The Skaggs-Files

Events

Parents

Pedigree

1. Sabinus, Falvius II M. Titus
   1. Arria The Elder, Mariamne
      1. Secundus, Gaius Plinius Caecilius
      2. Arria, Mariamne Caecina
      3. Sabinus, Flavius

Ancestors

Source References

1. Thomas Mebane LeGrande: http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=tml57911&id=I14595 Le Grande Family Tree
   1. • Source text:

        # ID: I14595
        # Name: Marcus Titus Flavius * Sabinus III
        # Sex: M
        # Name: Titus Flavius Sabinus III
        # Birth: BEF. 100 in 30 AD
        # Death: in 84 AD
        # Event: Title / Occ Consul di Roma 82 AD

         

         

        Father: Publius Flavius * Sabinus b: BEF. 100

        Marriage 1 Mariamne Arria * of Judea b: BEF. 100

        * Married: BEF. 100

        Children

        1. Has Children Mariamne Caecina Arria * Sabinus b: BEF. 100
        2. Has No Children Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus b: BEF. 100 in 23 AD
        3. Has No Children Flavius Sabinus b: BEF. 100

         

        Marriage 2 Julia * Sabine b: BEF. 100 in 56 AD

        * Married: BEF. 100

        Children

        1. Has No Children Titus Flavius Sabinus b: BEF. 100
        2. Has Children Lucius Vibius * Sabinus b: BEF. 100 in 55 AD

      • Citation:

        e-mail: legrandetm@sbcglobal.net

      • Source text:

        Beagon, Mary. (1992). Roman Nature: The Thought of Pliny the Elder. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
        Beagon, Mary (translator) (2005). The elder Pliny on the human animal: Natural History, Book 7. Oxford University press. ISBN 0-19-815065-2.
        Carey, Sorcha (2006). Pliny's Catalogue of Culture: Art and Empire in the Natural history. Oxford University press. ISBN 0-19-920765-8.
        Doody, Aude. (2010). Pliny’s Encyclopedia: The Reception of the Natural History. Cambridge, UK, and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
        Griffin, Miriam Tamara (1992). Seneca: A Philosopher in Politics (reprint ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-814774-9.
        Fane-Saunders, Peter. (2016). Pliny the Elder and the Emergence of Renaissance Architecture. New York: Cambridge University Press.
        French, Roger, and Frank Greenaway, eds. (1986). Science in the Early Roman Empire: Pliny the Elder, His Sources and Influence. London: Croom Helm.
        Gibson, Roy and Ruth Morello eds. (2011). Pliny the Elder: Themes and Contexts. Leiden

      • Citation:

        Pliny the Elder
        From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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        Pliny the Elder
        Gaius Plinius Secundus
        Como - Dome - Facade - Plinius the Elder.jpg
        Statue of Pliny the Elder on the facade of Cathedral of S. Maria Maggiore in Como
        Born AD 23
        Novum Comum (Como), Roman Italy, Roman Empire
        Died August 25, AD 79
        (aged 55–56)
        Stabiae, Campania, Roman Empire
        Residence Rome, provincial locations, Misenum
        Citizenship Roman
        Education Rhetoric, grammar
        Occupation Lawyer, author, natural philosopher, naturalist, military commander, provincial governor
        Notable work
        Naturalis Historia
        Children Pliny the Younger (nephew, later adopted son)
        Parent(s) Celer and Marcella
        Pliny the Elder (/ˈplɪni/; born Gaius Plinius Secundus, AD 23–79) was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, a naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and friend of emperor Vespasian.

        Spending most of his spare time studying, writing, and investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field, Pliny wrote the encyclopedic Naturalis Historia (Natural History), which became an editorial model for encyclopedias. His nephew, Pliny the Younger, wrote of him in a letter to the historian Tacitus:

        For my part I deem those blessed to whom, by favour of the gods, it has been granted either to do what is worth writing of, or to write what is worth reading; above measure blessed those on whom both gifts have been conferred. In the latter number will be my uncle, by virtue of his own and of your compositions.[1]

        Pliny the Younger refers to Tacitus’s reliance upon his uncle's book, the History of the German Wars. Pliny the Elder died in AD 79 in Stabiae while attempting the rescue of a friend and his family by ship from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, which already had destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum.[2] The wind caused by the sixth and largest pyroclastic surge of the volcano’s eruption did not allow his ship to leave port, and Pliny probably died during that event.[3]

         

        Contents
        1 Life and times
        1.1 Background
        1.2 Student and lawyer
        1.3 Junior officer
        1.4 Literary interlude
        1.5 Senior officer
        1.6 Noted author
        2 Natural History
        3 Death
        4 See also
        5 Notes
        6 References
        6.1 Primary sources
        6.2 Secondary material
        7 External links
        Life and times
        Background

        One of the Xanten Horse-Phalerae located in the British Museum, measuring 10.5 cm (4.1 in).[4] It bears an inscription formed from punched dots: PLINIO PRAEF EQ; i.e. Plinio praefecto equitum, "Pliny prefect of cavalry". It was perhaps issued to every man in Pliny's unit. The figure is the bust of the emperor.
        Pliny's dates are pinned to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 and a statement of his nephew that he died in his 56th year, which would put his birth in AD 23 or 24.

        Pliny was the son of an equestrian, Gaius Plinius Celer, and his wife, Marcella. Neither the younger nor the elder Pliny mention the names. Their ultimate source is a fragmentary inscription (CIL V 1 3442) found in a field in Verona and recorded by the 16th-century Augustinian monk Onofrio Panvinio at Verona. The form is an elegy. The most commonly accepted reconstruction is

        PLINIVS SECVNDVS AVGV. LERI. PATRI. MATRI. MARCELLAE. TESTAMENTO FIERI IVSSO
        The Vs represent Us. It should say

        "Plinius Secundus augur ordered this to be made as a testament to his father [Ce]ler and his mother [Grania] Marcella"
        The actual words are fragmentary. The reading of the inscription depends on the reconstruction,[5] but in all cases the names come through. Whether he was an augur and whether she was named Grania Marcella are less certain.[6] Jean Hardouin presents a statement from an unknown source that he claims was ancient, that Pliny was from Verona and that his parents were Celer and Marcella.[7] Hardouin also cites the conterraneity (see below) of Catullus.[5]

         

        City and Lake of Como, painted by Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, 1834
        How the inscription got to Verona is unknown, but it could have arrived by dispersal of property from Pliny the Younger's then Tuscan (now Umbrian) estate at Colle Plinio, north of Città di Castello, identified for certain by his initials in the roof tiles. He kept statues of his ancestors there. Pliny the Elder was born at Como, not at Verona: it is only as a native of old Gallia Transpadana that he calls Catullus of Verona his conterraneus, or fellow-countryman, not his municeps, or fellow-townsman.[8][9][10] A statue of Pliny on the façade of the Duomo of Como celebrates him as a native son. He had a sister, Plinia, who married into the Caecilii and was the mother of his nephew, Pliny the Younger, whose letters describe his work and study regimen in detail.

        In one of his letters to Tacitus (avunculus meus), Pliny the Younger details how his uncle's breakfasts would be light and simple (levis et facilis) following the customs of our forefathers (veterum more interdiu). This shows that Pliny the Younger wanted it to be conveyed that Pliny the Elder was a "good Roman", which means that he maintained the customs of the great Roman forefathers. This statement would have pleased Tacitus.

        Two inscriptions identifying the hometown of Pliny the Younger as Como take precedence over the Verona theory. One (CIL V 5262) commemorates the younger's career as the imperial magistrate and details his considerable charitable and municipal expenses on behalf of the people of Como. Another (CIL V 5667) identifies his father Lucius' village as Fecchio (tribe Oufentina) near Como. Ttherefore, Plinia likely was a local girl and Pliny the Elder, her brother, was from Como.[11]

        Gaius was a member of the Plinii gens: the insubric root Plina still persists, with rhotacism, in the local surname "Prina". He did not take his father's cognomen, Celer, but assumed his own, Secundus. As his adopted son took the same cognomen, Pliny founded a branch, the Plinii Secundi. The family was prosperous; Pliny the Younger's combined inherited estates made him so wealthy that he could found a school and a library, endow a fund to feed the women and children of Como, and own multiple estates around Rome and Lake Como, as well as enrich some of his friends as a personal favor. No earlier instances of the Plinii are known.

        In 59 BC, only about 82 years before Pliny's birth, Julius Caesar founded Novum Comum (reverting to Comum) as a colonia to secure the region against the Alpine tribes, whom he had been unable to defeat. He imported a population of 4,500 from other provinces (not clear from where) to be placed in Comasco and 500 aristocratic Greeks to found Novum Comum itself.[12] The community was thus multi-ethnic and the Plinies could have come from anywhere; whether any conclusions can be drawn from Pliny's preference for Greek words, or Julius Pokorny's derivation of the name from north Italic as "bald"[13] is a matter of speculative opinion. No record of any ethnic distinctions in Pliny's time is apparent. The population prided themselves on being Roman citizens.

        Pliny the Elder did not marry and had no children. In his will, he adopted his nephew, which entitled the latter to inherit the entire estate. The adoption is called a "testamental adoption" by writers on the topic, who assert that it applied to the name change only, but Roman jurisprudence recognizes no such category. Pliny the Younger thus became the adopted son of Pliny the Elder after the latter's death.[14] For at least some of the time, however, Pliny the Elder resided under the same roof with his sister and nephew (whose husband and father, respectively, had died young); they were living there when Pliny the Elder decided to investigate the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, and was sidetracked by the need for rescue operations and a messenger from his friend asking for assistance.

        Student and lawyer
        Pliny's father took him to Rome to be educated in lawmaking.[10] Pliny relates that he saw Marcus Servilius Nonianus.

        Junior officer

        Pliny the Elder, as imagined by a 19th-century artist: No contemporary depiction of Pliny is known to survive.
        In AD 46, at about age 23, Pliny entered the army as a junior officer, as was the custom for young men of equestrian rank. Ronald Syme, Plinian scholar, reconstructs three periods at three ranks.[15][16] Pliny's interest in Roman literature attracted the attention and friendship of other men of letters in the higher ranks, with whom he formed lasting friendships. Later, these friendships assisted his entry into the upper echelons of the state; however, he was trusted for his knowledge and ability, as well. According to Syme, he began as a praefectus cohortis, a "commander of a cohort" (an infantry cohort, as junior officers began in the infantry), under Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, himself a writer (whose works did not survive) in Germania Inferior. In AD 47, he took part in the Roman conquest of the Chauci and the construction of the canal between the rivers Maas and Rhine.[10] His description of the Roman ships anchored in the stream overnight having to ward off floating trees has the stamp of an eyewitness account.[17]

         

        Map of Castra Vetera, a large permanent base (castra stativa) of Germania Inferior, where Pliny spent the last of his 10-year enlistment as a cavalry commander: The proximity of a naval base there means that he trained also in ships, as the Romans customarily trained all soldiers in all arms whenever possible. The location is on the lower Rhine River.
        At some uncertain date, Pliny was transferred to the command of Germania Superior under Publius Pomponius Secundus with a promotion to military tribune,[15] which was a staff position, with duties assigned by the district commander. Pomponius was a half-brother of Corbulo.[18] They had the same mother, Vistilia, a powerful matron of the Roman upper classes, who had seven children by six husbands, some of whom had imperial connections, including a future empress. Pliny's assignments are not clear, but he must have participated in the camp

2. LJK3-BBH FamilySearch.org