 Frederick I "Barbarossa", Holy Roman Emperor, son of FriedrichIII, Duke of Swabia and Judith von Bavaria.Born 1122 at Swaben, Bavaria, died Jun 10, 1190 at Drowned in the Calycadnus (Göksu) River in Cilicia, Turkey, 67 or 68 years Frederick I (Holy Roman Empire), called Frederick Barbarossa (1123?-1190), Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany (1152-1190) and king of Italy (1155-1190). He was born in Waiblingen, the nephew of King Conrad III of Germany. After the death of his uncle in 1152, Frederick Barbarossa was made German king and elected Holy Roman emperor. From the 1150s to the 1170s Frederick was occupied with asserting his power in Italy. He fought with popes Adrian IV and Alexander III, and also with the Lombards. The Lombard League, consisting of the cities of Milan, Parma, Padua, Verona, Piacenza, Bologna, Cremona, Mantua, Bergamo, and Brescia, was formed in 1167 and acknowledged Pope Alexander as its leader. In 1176 Frederick was defeated by the Lombard League at Legnano. The defeat was significant in military history because it was the first major triumph of infantry over a mounted army of feudal knights. After the defeat, Frederick acceded to the demands of the Lombards for autonomy but retained imperial suzerainty over the towns. Meanwhile, Frederick made Poland tributary to the Holy Roman Empire, raised Bohemia to the rank of a kingdom, and made Austria into an independent hereditary duchy. He also consolidated his power in Germany. Frederick initiated the Third Crusade in 1189, and the next year he set out for Asia Minor. After gaining two victories over the Muslims, he was drowned in the Calycadnus (now Göksu) River in Cilicia (now in Turkey). Encarta® 98 Desk Encyclopedia © & 1996-97 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Married Jun 16, 1156 (28 years married) to:  Beatrix de Macon, daughter of Renaud III de Macon and Agatha de Lorraine.Born ± 1133 at Hoch-Bourgogne, France, died Nov 15, 1184, approximately 51 years Children: 2. Frederick von Hohenstaufen, Duke of SwabiaBorn Jul 16, 1164 3. Heinrich VI von Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman EmperorBorn Nov 1165 at Nijmegen, Germany, died 1197, 31 or 32 years 4. Otto von Hohenstaufen, Count PalatineBorn 1167 at Swabia, Bavaria, died Jan 2, 1199/00, approximately 32 years PFALZGRAF OF BURGUNDY 5. Agnes von Hohenstaufen, Princess of GermanyBorn 1170 6. Konrad II von Hohenstaufen, Duke of SwabiaBorn ± 1172 7. Philip II von Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman EmperorBorn 1176 at Schwaben, Bavaria, died Jun 21, 1208 at Murdered at Bamberg, Oberfranken, Bavaria, by Otto of Wittlesbach, 31 or 32 years King of Germany, Duke of Swabia and Tuscany | |||