![]() Born Sep 1068 at Selby,Yorkshire,England, died Dec 1, 1135 at St. denis,Seine-St. Denis,France, 67 years, buried at Reading Abbey (which he founded) Beauclerc BIOGRAPHY: Henry was in reality a usurper. He imprisoned his older brother, Robert in Cardiff Castle in Wales, and it is said he had Robert's eyes put out. Henry reigned thirty-five years, not only over England, but over one third of France. In 1120 the White Ship went down on a hidden rock in the English Channel with the Crown Prince on board and it is said Henry Iis never known to have smiled again. He had only one child left, Maude, then a widow of the German Emperor Henry V. For political reasons she was next married to Geoffrey of Anjou, a boy of sixteen, ten years her junior. After the death of Henry I there was civil war between Matilda and her nephew Stephen,who got the throne for nineteen years. At one point in this contest Matilda had to escape from the Robert Doyley tower of Oxford Castle by sliding down a rope with gloved hands, the rope held by her favorite knight, Alain. She, with a few others dressed in white to avoid detection, crossed in the snowy night over the frozen Thames. The condition of the English people was deplorable during the reign of Henry I, owing to the blood-curdling cruelty of the Barons. Henry established a vigorous police system to check this, and tried to stop counterfeiting the money by mutilations. He oppressed his people by taxation. Henry I was Duke of Normandy from 1106-1135 and King of England from1100-1135. William I left Normandy to his oldest son Robert II Curthoseand England to his next oldest son, William II Rufus. Henry was leftgreat wealth and eventually outmanuvered his brothers to become King ofEngland in 1100 and ruled 35 years. Henry is remembered for expanding andstrengthening royal justice, integrating the Norman and Anglo-Saxon legalsystems, and laying the foundation for more centralized royal rule. "TheEncyclopedia of the Middle Ages" Norman F. Cantor, General Editor. Beauclerc King of England Married Nov 11, 1100 at Westminster,London,Middlesex,England (17 or 18 years married) to: ![]() Died 1118 1 NAME Matilda of /Scotland/ Child: 1. ![]() Born before Aug 5, 1102 at London,Middlesex,England, died Sep 10, 1169 at Notre Dame,Rouen,Seine-Maritime,France, at least 67 years 1 NAME Matilda the /Empress/ |
2nd marriage ![]() Married Jan 29, 1122 at Windsor Castle,Berkshire,England (13 years married) to: ![]() Born ± 1109 at Louvain Belgium, died Apr 23, 1151 at Affligham,Flanders France, approximately 42 years, 1st marriage to: William III D'Aubigny, 2nd marriage to: King Henry I England _STATMARRIED |
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5th marriage ![]() Married ± ABT. 1099 at No Marriage (approximately 36 years married) to: ![]() Born ± 1073 at Dynevor Castle,Llandyfeisant,Carmarthenshire,Wales, 1st marriage to: King Henry I England, 2nd married/ related to: Gerald FitzWalter deWindsor Princess of Wales Princess Nesta was a very remarkable woman. She is sometimes referred to as the "mother of the Irish invasion" since her sons, by various fathers, and her grandsons were the leaders of theinvasion. She had, in the course of her eventful life, two lovers, two husbands, and many sons and daughters. Her father is quoted as saying that she had 10children as a result of her matrimonial escapades, eight sons and two daughters, among them William fitzGerald de Windsor. One of her lovers was King Henry Iof England. Some years before she married Gerald, her father, the fierce old Prince of South Wales, was fighting the English under Henry, (then the Prince andlater King). Henry succeeded in taking the lovely Nesta as hostage. By this royal lover, she had two sons; Meyler fitzHenry and the celebrated Robert of Gloucester. It would seem that Gerald, busily engaged in military business, could have had no peace about his wife, since she was clever as well as beautiful, andevery warrior seems to have fallen in love with her. In 1095, Gerald led an expedition against the Welsh on the borders of what is now Pembrokeshire. In 1100, he went to Ireland to secure for his lord, Arnulf Montgomery, the hand of thedaughter of King Murrough in marriage. He was the first of the Geraldines to set foot in Ireland, where they were later to rule like kings. Later, Arnulf joined in a rebellion against the King, was deprived of his estates and exiled in1102. Then the King granted custody of Pembroke Castle to Gerald. Later, he wasappointed president of the County of Pembrokeshire. But it was Nesta that occupied the center of their stage during their marriage. Her beauty continued to excite wonder and desire throughout Wales. At Christmas in 1108,Cadwgan, Prince of Cardigan, invited the native chieftains to a feast at Dyvet(St. David's). Nesta's beauty was a subject of conversation. She excited the curiosity of Owen, the son of Prince Cadwgan, who resolved to see her. She was his cousin, so that the pretense of a friendly visit was easy. He successfully obtained admission with his attendants into Pembroke Castle. Her beauty -- it waseven greater than he expected -- excited his lust. He determined to carry heroff! In the middle of the night, he set fire to the castle, and his followers surrounded the room where Gerald and Nesta were sleeping. Gerald was awakened bythe noise and about to discover the cause, but Nesta, suspecting some /treason, persuaded him to make his escape. She pulled up a board and let her husband escape down a drain by a rope. Then Owen broke open the door, seized Nesta and two of her sons, and carried them off to Powys, leaving the castle in flames. Owen had his way with Nesta, (historians say that one of her ten children was his), though whether she yielded from desire or force was uncertain. But at her request, Owen hastened to send back the two sons to Gerald. When King Henry heardof Nesta's abduction, he was furious. He regarded it as an injury almost personal, since Gerald was not only his steward, but his particular friend. The abduction of Nesta led to a war, which resulted in her return to her husband, and Owen fled to Ireland. Gerald took a conspicuous role in the fighting. In 1116, Henry ordered Owen, who had returned to Wales, to apprehend Gruffuyd, son of Rhys ap Tewdyr. As he passed through a wood on his march to join up with the royalforces, Owen seized some cattle. The owners of the cattle, as they fled, met Gerald, Constable of Pembroke. Gerald was also on his way to join the royal forces. When the cattle owners requested his assistance, he was only too delightedto have the opportunity for revenge for the insult to his honor done by Owen'sabduction of Nesta. He lost no time in pursuing Owen, found him, and a skirmishfollowed. Owen was slain, an arrow piercing his heart, and Gerald's honor was avenged. Gerald died about 1135. Nest (who also [in addition to Gerald fitz Walter] had by Stephen,Constable of Cardigan, a son (Robert fitz Stephen) and by Henry I anotherson (Henry, killed 1158, father of Meiler fitz Henry), daughter of Rhysap Tudor Mawr, Prince of South Wales. [Burke's Peerage, p. 1679] 1 _MSTAT Other Children: 1. ![]() Born ± 1090 at Caen,Normandy,France, died Oct 31, 1147 at Bristol,Gloucestershire,England, approximately 57 years Earl of Gloucester 2. ![]() 3. ![]() Born 1088 at Narberth and Pebidiog, South Wales, died 1157 at Anglesey, Carnarvonshire, Wales, 68 or 69 years 4. ![]() Born ± ABT. 1090 at Caen, Normandy, France, died Oct 31, 1147 at Bristol, Gloucestershire, England, approximately 57 years [From Burke's Peerage-see source for details] An undoubted Earl of Gloucester, perhaps the first authentic one, at anyrate after the Conquest, is Robert FitzHamon's son-in-law, anotherRobert, who was an illegitimate son of Henry I and was so created 1122.The Earldom passed to his eldest son, William FitzRobert, and from him toJohn, later King John and husband from 1189 to 1199 (when he divorcedher) of Isabel, the youngest of William FitzRobert's three daughters. OnJohn's coming to the throne the title did not merge in the Crown for itwas not his in his own right but in right of his wife. |
6th marriage/ relation ![]() Married/ Related to: N.N. |
7th marriage ![]() Married at No Marriage to: ![]() Born ± ABT. 1073 at Alcester, died ± ABT. 1165, approximately 92 years, 1st married/ related to: King Henry I Beauclerc England, 2nd married/ related to: King Henry I England, 3rd married/ related to: Herbert FitzHerbert, 4th married/ related to: N.N., 5th marriage to: Henry I "Beauclerc" , King of England , King of England, 6th marriage to: King Henry I England, 7th marriage to: Herbert FitzHerbert, 8th marriage to: King Henry I of England, 9th married/ related to: Herbert fitz Herbert of Winchester, 10th marriage to: King Henry I England, 11th married/ related to: Herbert fitz Herbert of Winchester pg 641, Burke's "Extant Peerage & Baronetage etc" 1970 edition pg 161, 196 & 232, "Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists etc" by Frederick Lewis Weiss, 6th Edition vol 4, pg 728, Burke's "Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland" pg 132, Burke's "A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland" 2nd edition, published in 1841 _STATNOT_MARRIED 1 _MSTAT Other Children: 1. ![]() Born ± 1095 at Talby,Yorkshire,England, died between 1132 BET., - and , 98 or 99 years Some sources show this person as Joan de England. | |||
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9th marriage/ relation ![]() Married/ Related to: ![]() Born 1068 _STATNOT_MARRIED Child: 1. ![]() Born ± 1090 at Barnstaple, England Some records found show William as father of Grace. |
10th marriage ![]() Married at No Marriage to: ![]() Born ± ABT. 1072 at Greystoke, Cumberland, England, died 1152 at Granted Barony of Claydon by Henry I, approximately 80 years, buried at Endowed Oseney Abbey, 1st marriage to: King Henry I England, 2nd marriage to: Robert II d' Oyly, 3rd married/ related to: Robert deOilly |
11th marriage ![]() Married at No Marriage to: ![]() Born before BEF. 1096 at Leicester, Leicestershire, England, died Jan 6, 1147/1148 at Tunbridge, Kent, England, approximately 51 years |
12th marriage ![]() Married Nov 11, 1100 at Westminster Abbey, London, England (17 years married) to: ![]() Born 1079 at Dunfermline, Fifeshire, Scotland, died May 1, 1118 at Westminster, London, Middlesex, England, 38 or 39 years Child: 1. ![]() Also known as: Queen of England, born 1101 at London, Middlesex, England, died Sep 10, 1169 at Notre Dame, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France, 67 or 68 years After Geoffrey Plantagenet's death, Matilda was married to Henry VEmperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Empress of Germany, Queen of England, Princess Royal of England, married at 12 years old: He nry V, German Roman Emperor, who died soon after. MATILDA (1102-1167), empress, was the daughter of Henry I of England byhis first marriage. She was betrothed in 1109 and married in 1114 to theGerman emperor Henry V. When her husband died (1125) leaving herchildless, her father, whose only surviving legitimate child she thenwas, persuaded his reluctant barons to accept her, on oath, as hissuccessor (Jan. 1, 1127). The novel prospect of a female ruler was itselfunwelcome; Matilda's 17-year absence in Germany (where she was notunpopular) and her apparent arrogrance estranged her from her father'ssubjects. Difficulties also might result from her remarriage to providefor the succession. Her marriage in 1128 to Geoffrey Plantagenet, heir toAnjou and Maine (designed by Henry I, like her first marriage, forpolitical ends), whose father, CountFulk, departed immediately after theceremony to become the consort of Melisende of Jerusalem, flouted thebarons' stipulation that she should not marry outside England withouttheir consent, and was unpopular in Normandy and England. On Henry I'sdeath, his nephew Stephen by prompt action secured England and wasrecognized by Pope Innocent II. Matilda and Geoffrey, however, made someheadway in Normandy. Matilda's subsequent challenge to Stephen's positionin England mainly depended on the support of her half-brother Earl Robertof Gloucester. After the defeat and capture of Stephen at Lincoln (Feb.1141), Matilda was elected "lady of the English" and would have beenqueen could she have proceeded to coronation, but active support for hercause still came mainly from the western counties. Her chance ofconsolidating her precarious victory was swiftly destroyed by a reactioninitated by her tactless handling of London. After her defeat atWinchester in Sept. 1141, her supporters, slowly reduced by death anddefection, maintained a stubborn defense until Earl Robert died (1147)and Matilda retired (1148) to Normandy, of which her husband had gainedpossession. She continued to interest herself in the government of theterritories of her eldest son, the future Henry II of England. Her careerwas not entirely unsuccessful: all the subsequent monarchs of Englandhave been her descendants, not Stephen's. She died in Normandy on Sept.10, 1167. | |||
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13th marriage ![]() Married Jan 29, 1120/1121 at Windsor Castle, Berkshire, England (approximately 15 years married) to: ![]() Also known as: Adelicia of /Lorraine/, born ± ABT. 1103 at Brabant, Netherlands, died Apr 23, 1151 at Affligham, Flanders, France, approximately 48 years, 1st marriage to: King Henry I England, 2nd marriage to: N.N., 3rd married/ related to: N.N., 4th married/ related to: N.N. |
14th marriage ![]() Married 1086 (48 or 49 years married) to: ![]() Born 1070, died 1154, 83 or 84 years, 1st marriage to: King Henry I England, 2nd married/ related to: Gerald FitzWalter deWindsor, 3rd marriage to: King Henry I England Nesta was firstly mistress to Henry I; secondly she married Stephen,Constable of Cardigan; thirdly she married Gerald of Windsor. Gerald andNesta had four children: 1. William fitzGerald. 2. Maurice fitzGerald. 3. David fitzGerald. 4. Angarat, a daughter. Known as the most beautiful woman in Wales. She had many lovers. In Christmas 1108 Owain ap Cadwgan of Cardigan came to visit Gerald andNesta. He so lusted after her that he, that night, attacked the castleand carried her off and had his way with her. This upset Henry I so much that theincident started a war. Child: 1. ![]() Also known as: Earl of Gloucester, born 1086 at Caen, Calvados, France, died Oct 31, 1147 at Bristol, Gloucestershire, England, 60 or 61 years The illegitimate son of King Henry I of England (reigned 1100-35), Robertwas made Earl of Gloucester in 1122. After the death of Henry I andusurpation of power by Stephen (December 1135), Gloucester became theleader of the party loyal to Matilda, his half sister, who had beendesignated heir to the throne by Henry I. He took Matilda to England inSeptember 1139 and at the head of her forces won from Stephen most ofwestern England and southern Wales. In February 1141 he captured Stephenat Lincoln and imprisoned him in Bristol. Later that year Gloucester wascaptured at Winchester, Hampshire, and exchanged for the king. Hecontinued to be the mainstay of Matilda's cause until his death.Chroniclers considered Gloucester an able and sagacious leader. | |||
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15th marriage ![]() Married Nov 11, 1100 at Westminster, Middlesex, England (17 years married) to: ![]() Born 1080 at Dunfermline, fifeshire, Scotland, died May 1, 1118 at Westminster, Middlesex, England, 37 or 38 years, 1st marriage to: King Henry I England, 2nd married/ related to: King Henry I England |
16th marriage/ relation ![]() Married/ Related to: ![]() Child: 1. ![]() Born ± 1090, died Oct 31, 1147 at Bristol Castle, approximately 57 years Source & Notes: Gary Boyd Roberts, The Royal Descents , 1993, p 396; "Earl of Gloucester, 1121-2." (1st Earl of Gloucester.) Spouse: "Mabel, heiress of Gloucester. [married] 1119" Source: Chris Given-Wilson and Alice Cuteis, The Royal Bastards of Medieval England, London (Routledge & Kegan Paul) 1984, p 74-75, 91-92; It has been said that his mother was Sybil Courbet, the probable mother of another five of the king's [Henry I Beauclerc's] bastards, but this is almost certainly wrong. In fact he was probably born to an unnamed woman of Caen, in Normandy, in about 1090. Acknowledged by Henry from infancy, he was brought up in the royal household after his father became king, received a good education there under Henry's direct supervision, and by his early twenties had established himself as one of his father's chief military captains and most trusted councillors. From 1113 onwards he was a regular winess to royal charters, as 'Robert the king's son' ..... In 1107 the king provided handsomely for his favourite bastard's future by marrying him to Mabel, heiress to the valuable lands on the Norman side of the Channel. Then in 1121-2 Robert's power and prestige were further augmented when Henry made him earl of Gloucester. ..... The grant of this title to Robert was the only earldom which Henry created during his entire thirty-five-year reign. ..... One of Robert's last acts was to found a Cistercian abbey at Margam in Glamorgan, in the summer of 1147. Throughout his life he had been a benefactor of the church ..... His death came quite suddenly. In the autumn of 1147 ... news came that Robert had contracted a fever. He had led a tremendously active life, and was still robust enough to lead an army on horseback, but he had now reached the age of fifty-seven, old by medieval standards. The fever was a virulent one, and could not be checked. The end came quicly. He died on 31 October 1147, at Bristol castle, with his wife Mabel by his bedside, and was laid to rest beneath a tomb of green jasper stone in the priory which he had founded. (P) Robert's character is elusive. The qualities for which he was praised by contemporaries were thoroughly conventional ones, and in many ways he comes across as a thoroughly conventional sort of man. It may be that the quality of greatness which some men saw in him stemmed not so much from any especially distinguishing characteristics or talents as from an ability to do the basic things in life well. The English political stage during King Stephen's reign was dominated by figures of proven mediocrity. Against such a background, Robert stood for traditional virtues and traditional values. From the time when he first began to hold military commands under his father, he stands out as a consistently successful military leader; during the civil war of Stephen's reign, he was the best general in England. As a statesman he was more limited, lacking both the decisiveness to exploit an opening and the clear-sightedness to formulate successful policies. He was, however, regarded as an upholder of justice and honour, a man of integrity and trustworthiness, and these were uncommon virtues in Stephen's England. He was an upright and pious man, a patron and respecter of the church and of scholars, 'a man of great cleverness and learning', according to the contemporary chronicler Walter Map, and even something of a scholar in his own right: it is said that he translated at least one book from Latin into French. He used to 'regulate his day so wisely that he did not neglect his knightly duties for letters, nor letters for knightly duties', according to another contemporary. Such an interest in learning, nurtured no doubt by his father, Henry I, was rare among even the greatest laymen at this time." Source: Gesta Stephani, a monk of Saint-Bertin (c middle of 12th century), edited & translated by K. R. Potter, along with introduction and notes by R H C Davis, Oxford (Clarendon) 1976, p 13, 15. //And when at last these things were known [about Stephen becoming king of England] and spread over England freely by word of mouth almost all the chief men of the kingdom accepted him gladly and respectfully, and having received very many gifts from him and likewise enlargement of their lands they devoted themselves wholly to his service by a voluntary oath, after paying homage. Among others came Robert, Earl of Gloucester, son of King Henry, but a bastard, a man of proved talent and admirable wisdom. When he was advised, as the story went, to claim the throne on his father's death, deterred by sounder advice he by no means assented, saying it was fairer to yield it to his sister's son [the future Henry II], than presumptuously to arrogate it to himself. So, when after being many times summoned to the king's presence by messages and letters he at length appeared, he was received with favour and distinction and obtained all he demanded in accordance with his wish, on paying homage to the king; and when peace finally had been made with him, almost the whole kingdom of England had gone over to the king's side.// p 169: "Also the sons of Robert Earl of Gloucester, men whose youth made them active and full of enterprise, and who were skilled by constant practice in the art of war, disturbed the southern part of the kingdom; inspired by their father's valour and resolution they built castles in some places which they saw to be suitable, in others stole them from their neighbors; sometimes boldly attacked their enemies in pitched battles, sometimes laid their lands waste far and wide with the sword and with plundering." |