Born ‎ 1406 at Westminister,Somerset,Eng, died ‎ Jul 15, 1445 at Dunbar Castle,Dunbar,East Lothian,Scotland‎, 38 or 39 years, buried ‎ Nov 22, 1445 at Charterhouse,Perth,Perthshire,Scotland
Source: Weis, Sheppard, Beal, The Magna Charta Sureties,1215,5thEd.,Genealogical Publishi ng Co., Baltimore, [1999], 91A-10, p.117.

*****Source: Weis, Sheppard, Beal, The Magna Charta Sureties,1215,5thEd., Genealogical Pub lishing Co., Baltimore, [1999], 91A-10, p.117.

******[Lorna Greenaway's ancestors.FTW]

Was injured in 1437 by Walter Atholl who killed her husband thatnightalso

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Born ‎ Jul 23, 1394 at Dunfermline,Fife,Scotland, baptized ‎ 1406, died ‎ Feb 21, 1437 at Perth,Perthshire,Scotland (Killed by His Uncle Walter Stewart)‎, 42 years, buried ‎ 1437 at Carthusian Church,Charter House,Perth,Perthshire, scotland, ‎1st marriage to: Joan Jane) De Beaufort Queen Scotland Queen Scotland (JEAN Queen Scotland, ‎2nd marriage to: Joan BEAUFORT, ‎3rd marriage to: Joan BEAUFORT Queen of Scotland
From: http://www.tartans.com/articles/famscots/stewartjamesI.html

(1394-1437)

King James I (Stewart) of Scotland

James Stewart was born 30 December 1394 at Dunfermline, Fife,Scotland.Hewas one of the younger sons of Robert (John) III, King ofScotland,andhis wife, Anabella Drummond.

James was born into a time of disorder in Scotland. His father,KingRobertIII, was a weak sovereign and as one contemporary observed:"Inthose daysthere was no law in Scotland, but he who was thestrongeroppressed him whowas weaker, and the whole kingdom was a denofthieves."

Young James Stewart's father, John, had become King in 1390 but duetohisfrailty, had handed over authority to his brother, RobertStewart,Earl ofFife. Robert was an ambitious man and more concerned withhisownadvancement than the rule of the Kingdom. Recognizing this,RobertIII(John) again took control of Scotland just before youngJamesStewart'sbirth.

But King Robert's talents at running the Kingdom proved abysmal,andin1399 the governing of the Kingdom was passed to DavidStewart,James'older brother. David was titled Duke of Rothesay, andsettled downto runthe Kingdom. David's Uncle Robert, the Earl of Fife,who expectedtoagain rule in the King's place, was given the title of Dukeof Albanyincompensation.

David proved to be irresponsible and wild, and in 1401, aftertwoshortyears of running the country, Robert III asked him to stepdown.Herefused, thus forcing the King to have his own son arrested.Davidwasplaced in the custody of his uncle, Robert, the Duke ofAlbanyandimprisoned at Falkland. About this time, the mother of JamesandDavid,Anabella Drummond died.

Within a year, another loss befell the royal family when DavidStewartdiedwhile in his Uncle Robert's captivity. Although there werenoexternalmarks on the young man, it appeared as though he diedofstarvation. Manysuspected his brothers' ambitions to the throne werethecause and Robert,the Duke of Albany, faced a judicial inquiry.

The power of the Duke was great, and this led many to believethattheresults of the inquiry were predetermined, as he wasveryquicklyexonerated of the charge. The King's health was fading, andhisremainingson James was only eleven years old, so it was decided tosendJames toFrance for his protection. Very early in 1406, youngJamesStewart wasloaded on to a ship of Danzig named the Maryenknycht.

The ship never made it to France, however, as it was capturedbyEnglish'pirates' and young James was sent to the court of Henry IVofEngland.Apparently, this was too much for James father, as he died onthe4th ofApril 1406; at about the time the news of his son'skidnappingwould havereached him.

The Scottish Parliament immediately pronounced young James StewartasKingof Scotland. But since the King was in the captivity of theEnglish,hisUncle Robert assumed the title as Governor of Scotland forthesecondtime. It is then that Robert Stewart's true intentionsbecameobvious, ashe quickly ransomed his son, Murdoch, who had beencaptured bytheEnglish at the Battle of Homildon in 1402. No attempt wasmade toransomthe young King James and Murdoch Stewart returned to helphisfathergovern Scotland.

The young King James I of Scotland, remained in captivityinEngland,serving time in the tower, the English court and atotherEnglishstrongholds for his 'safety'. The martial sportsofjousting,swordmanship and archery delighted him, but hiscaptivityprevented muchof this activity. In response, he turned to hisenergies tothe arts ofthe mind. He became a linguist, musician, singerand anaccomplishedpoet.

On the 3rd of September 1420, the Governor of Scotland,RobertStewart,Duke of Albany died. His son Murdoch Stewart became the newDukeofAlbany and assumed the role as Governor of Scotland. Itquicklybecameapparent that Murdoch did not even possess the mediocreskills ofhisfather. Many of the nobles of Scotland started to activelypursuethereturn of the rightful King James.

Meanwhile the young James had met Lady Joan Beaufort,great-granddaughterof Edward III of England and they had fallen in love.Jameswrote a poemabout her that is called The Kingis Quair:

And therewith kest I doune myn eye ageyne,
Quare as I saw, walking under the toure,
Full secretly new cummyn hir to pleyne,
The fairest or the freschest younge floure
That evir I saw, me thoght, before that houre,
For which sodayn abate, anon astert
The blude of all my bodye to my hert.
Although this was not one of James' best poems, it illustrateshisfeelingsfor Lady Joan. The two were married in 1423 and she becamethenew Queen ofScotland.
By this time, the King of Scotland, James Stewart had been incaptivityforseventeen years. England was having major difficultymaintainingtheterritory it had captured in France. Scotland wasnowseriouslynegotiating for the release of its King and thousands ofScotswerefighting in France against the English. The last thing theEnglishneededwas an all out war with the Scots. In response toScottishentreaties,the English agreed to James' release for the fee of60,000merks -tactfully labeled as the Kings 'expenses' during his stay -andtheagreement that no more Scots would fight against them in France.Inthespring of 1424, after eighteen years in captivity, the KingofScotlandreturned to his home with his new wife.

The young King wasted no time regaining control of the country, asthemainthreat to his power came from his own family. Murdoch Stewart,theGovernorof Scotland (and the Kings cousin), and his two sonswereexecuted. DavidStewart (son of Robert II and Euphemia of Ross), theEarlof Strathern wassent to England and imprisoned along with JamesStewart,Master of Atholl(the son of Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl).

With the threats to his power banished or killed, James IofScotlandturned his attentions to Scotland. His goal, first andforemost,waspeace. Barely 4% of the taxes were making it to thegovernment. Therestwas being stolen and usurped by robbers and corruptservants ofthecrown. He enacted laws that were considered harsh againstcriminalsandfair to the common man.

In 1429, James was forced to war with the Lord of the Islestomaintaincontrol of the northwest portion of the country. Hewassuccessful andreturned to policing the countryside. He was becomingavery popular Kingand a champion of the people. All was well untiltheother James Stewart,Master of Atholl, died while prisoner in England.

While his son was in captivity, Walter Stewart, Earl of Athollhadremaineda faithful servant of the King. With his son's death,however,hisambitions for the throne returned along with a hatred for theKing.Heconspired with Sir Robert Graham to murder James I.

On the night of the 20th of February 1437 they put their planintoactionand were successful, but they did not get the resultstheyanticipated.James I was killed, but instead of the people placingWalter,the Earl ofAtholl, as their new monarch they chose James' son,also namedJames, whobecame James II at the age of seven years.

In retrospect, James' I abduction was the best thing thatcouldhavehappened for Scotland. In the English court he learned manylessonsofdiplomacy and the hard realities of taking and maintainingpower.Thesewere lessons that he apparently would not have received fromhisfather,Robert III, and which made him the first true King ofScotlandsinceRobert the Bruce. James I restored law and order to thecountryandrefilled its coffers.

But James I also learned a few other things in England that didnotbodehim well in Scotland. His relationship with the Highlanderswaspoisonedby his contempt for their culture and way of life - somethinghelearnedat the English Court and which led to his war with the Lord oftheIsles.And although he was himself a staunch Roman Catholic, hisreformsremovedmuch of the Church's power in Scotland.

BW, February 2000
Coronation

James was taken prisoner by th English on his voyage fromScotlandtoFrance
in 1405, and sent to the Tower of London, where heremainedincaptivitytill
1424. In that year he returned to Scotland but was murdered by his uncle
Walter, Earl of Atholl, at Perth.
Reign
Murdered At Perth, Tayside (Perthsire), Scotland
OCCCUPATION: King of Scots 1406-1437Source: Weis, Sheppard,Beal,TheMagnaCharta Sureties , 1215, 5th Ed., Genealogical PublishingCo.,Baltimore,[1999], 92-10.

James I (of Scotland) (1394-1437), king of Scotland(1406-37),onlysurviving son of King Rob ert III, born in Dunfermline. In1406,shortlybefore the death of his father, James was sen t to Franceforsafety fromrebellious Scottish nobles. The ship was seized bytheEnglish, a ndJames was kept a prisoner until 1423. The followingyear,havinginherited the Scottish th rone in 1406, James returned toScotlandandwas crowned.

He married Jane Beaufort, niece of the English king RichardII,andgranddaughter of John o f Gaunt. By 1429 James forced theScottishnoblesto submit to royal authority. He tried to i mprovetheadministration ofjustice and for the first time caused parliamentaryactsto be p ublishedin the language of the common people. He drew closerthebond of alliancewith Franc e and gave his eldest daughter, Margaret,inmarriage to theDauphin, later King Louis XI. Ja mes, however,hadantagonized theScottish nobles by forfeiting their estates, and hewasass assinated in1437. He was succeeded by his son James II.

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Source: Weis, Sheppard, Beal, The Magna Charta Sureties, 1215,5thEd.,Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, [1999], 91A-10, p. 117.

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Alias: The Black Knight of Lorn

Taken prisoner by the English on a voyage from Scotland to France,andheldprisoner for 18 years in England. His return to Scotland in1423resultedin some turbulence involving the execution of variouspowerfulnobles asJames confirmed his power. He was crowned at Scone in1425.Murdered whilestaying at Blackfriars Monastery in Perth by SirRobertGraham as a resultof a conspiracy led by the Earl of Atholl.

When King James I of Scotland married Joan Beaufort, he was aprisonerofKing Henry V of England. A king without a throne cannot betoochoosyand certainly cannot make foreign alliances which couldbepotentially
threatening to his captor. Joan Beaufort was related to HenryVthroughthe Beaufort family who were much favored by him, and thiswasalso saidto be a love match.

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He was murdered by his Uncle Walter Stewart Earl of Athol.Hewascaptured at sea by the Flemish and put to death

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DEATH: CAUSE Murdered

[Lorna Greenaway's ancestors.FTW]

Held prisoner for 18 years in England. His return to Scotlandin1423,resulted in some turbulence involving the execution ofvariouspowerfulnoblesas James confirmed his power. He was crowned atScone(1424).Murdered while staying at Blackfriars Monastery in Perth bySirRobertGraham as a result of a conspiracy led by the Earl of Atholl.

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Sir James Stewart, "The Black Knight of Lorn"; married(papaldispensation21 Sep 1439) Jane/Joan Beafort, Queen Dowager ofScotland (d15 June1445), daughter of John, Marquess of Dorset and Earl ofSomerset(son ofJohn of Gaunt and grandson of Edward III), and widow ofJames I,and wascaptured at sea by a Flemishship and put to death.[Burke'sPeerage]

James I; born Dec 1394; married 2 Feb 1433/4 Joan Beaufort(married2nd1439 Sir James Stewart "The Black Knight of Lord" and died 15July1445),ggdaughter of Edward III, and was assassinated 21 Feb1436/7.[Burke'sPeerage]

James I (of Scotland) (1394-1437), king ofScotland(1406-37),onlysurviving son of King Robert III, born inDunfermline. In1406, shortlybefore the death of his father, James wassent to France forsafetyfromrebellious Scottish nobles. The ship wasseized by theEnglish,and Jameswas kept a prisoner until 1423.Thefollowing year,having inherited theScottish throne in1406, James returnedto Scotlandand was crowned. Hemarried Jane Beaufort (died 1445), niece oftheEnglish king RichardII,and granddaughter of John of Gaunt. By 1429Jamesforced the Scottishnobles to submit to royal authority. He triedtoimprove theadministration of justice and for the first timecausedparliamentaryacts to be published in the language of the commonpeople.He drew closerthe bond of alliance with France and gave hiseldestdaughter, Margaret(1425?-45), in marriage to the Dauphin, laterKingLouis XI.James,however, had antagonized the Scottish nobles byforfeitingtheir estates,and he was assassinated in 1437. He was succeededby hisson James II.

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