 Tancred of Hauteville, son of Odobonus of Hauteville and N.N..Born ± ABT. 975 at Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy, France, died 1041 at Normandy, France, approximately 66 years Name: Tancred, Seigneur de HAUTEVILLE Surname: Hauteville Given Name: Tancred, Seigneur de Sex: M Birth: ABT 0975 in Hauteville-le-Guichard,Coutances,Normandy Death: 1041 Reference Number: Newlin _UID: 033891BC4D672E4981B650036FE27FB0BD59 Note: !Grew rich under Richard the Good, chiefly in a dozen bold sons, who were fain to provide for themselves by emigration. Three of them turned up in the Italian settlements, where they successively became heads of a sort of republic with its headquarters at Amalfi, a growing power looked on askance by neighbouring potentates, especially by the Byzantine emperor, who still loosely held the southern end of Italy. [Leaders & Landmarks, Vol. II, p. 32] NEWLIN LINE - 28th ggrandfather Tancred, who was a minor landowner in the Cotentin had at least 12 legitimate sons besides a number of daughters; and a small squire of such philoprogenitive tastes might, in any age or place, have found it difficult to provide for all his offspring at home. Therefore, his family took advantage of the political instability in southern Italy to expand their territory. It is no exaggeration to say that the acts of the sons were substantially to modify the future of the whole Mediterranean world. With their associates they began to settle in the neighborhood of Melfi, and many of them rapidly became rich and powerful, offering their services as warriors wherever it might be profitable, and for the rest living like brigands off the countryside. [The Norman Achievement, p. 36, 41] Seigneur de Hauteville La Guiscard near Coutances in Normandy; m.1 Mariella; m. 2 Frederina; d. 1041; father of Robert Guiscard. [Charlemagne & Others, Chart 3338b] The story of the Normans in south Italy begins around 1015 with a group of young Norman pilgrims who were persuaded by certain Lombard leaders to serve as mercenaries against the Byzantines. By the middle of the 11th century supremacy had been asumed by the family of Tancred de Hauteville, an obscure knight in the service of the Duke of Normandy. Of his 12 sons, 8 settled in Italy, 5 became leaders of the front rank and one -- Robert, nicknamed Guiscard (the crafty)--possessed something very like genius. [A Short History of Byzantium, p. 250] Son of Odobonus Hauteville; m. Fredistina de Normandy; father of: 1. Robert I 'Guiscard' de Hauteville who m. Alberada of Burgundy and Sigelgaita of Salerno 2. Roger who m. Judith D'Evreux, Judith Grentmesnil and Adelaide Di Savona 3. Gerard Tencred 4. William Hauteville who m. Marie of Salerno 5. Umfrid de Hauteville 6. Galfrid de Hauteville 7. Malger de Hauteville 8. Alvered de Hauteville 9. Humbert de Hauteville 10. Fresenda de Hauteville who m. Richard I Aversa [Gary Lewis 1 2 3 4 5 Change Date: 23 Jun 2003 at 20:27:10 Father: Odobonus de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 0955 in Norway or Normandy Marriage 1 Muriella of NORMANDY b: ABT 0970 in Normandy Married: ABT 0992 Children William 'Bras de Fer' de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 0993 in of Salerno, Italy Dreux de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 0995 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Humphrey de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 0997 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Geoffrey, Count of LORITELLO b: ABT 0999 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances Serlo de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1001 in Hauteville-le-,Guichard,Coutances Marriage 2 Fresende de NORMANDY b: ABT 0996 in Normandy, France Children Galfrid de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1016 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Umfrid de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1018 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Emma GUISCARD b: ABT 1020 in of Apulia,Sicily William de HAUTEVILLE Lord of Salerno b: ABT 1022 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Roger I the Great, Count of SICILY b: ABT 1024 in Sicily,Italy Fredesendis de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1025 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Robert the Wily GUISCARD Duke of Apulia b: ABT 1027 in of Apulia,Italy Malger de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1028 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Alvered de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1029 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Humbert de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1031 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Sources: Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: The Oxford History of Medieval Europe Author: Holmes, George, ed. Publication: Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1992 Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: Leaders & Landmarks in European History, Volume II: The Middle Ages Author: Moncrieff, A.R. Hope; Chaytor, The Rev. H.J., M.A.. Publication: The Gresham Publishing Company, London, 1913 Page: p. 32 Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: The Norman Achievement, 1050-1100 Author: Douglas, David C. Publication: University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1969 Page: p. 36, 41 Repository: Name: Denver Public Library Title: Charlemagne, Alfred the Great and Other Ancestors Author: Mitchell, James T. Publication: 1991 Page: Chart 3338b Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: A Short History of Byzantium Author: Norwich, John Julius Publication: Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1997 Page: p. 250 From 'Glick/Foster Ancestry' at Rootsweb.com Married ± ABT. 1013 at Normandy, France; 2nd wife (approximately 28 years married) to:  Fredesende of Normandy, daughter of Richard of ""the Good", "the Good" of Normandy Richard" Normandy, Duke of Normandy and Judith of Rennes.Born ± ABT. 996 at Normandy, France, died 1057, approximately 61 years Name: Fresende de NORMANDY Surname: Normandy Given Name: Fresende de _AKA: Fredistina Sex: F Birth: ABT 0996 in Normandy, France Reference Number: Newlin _UID: F21B726AA949DA4FBB20C48F06304D1BD025 Note: The most important of the sons of Tancred of Hauteville were those by his second wife, Fredesendis. [The Norman Achievement, p. 41] NEWLIN LINE - 28th ggrandmother 2nd wife of Tancred, Seigneur de Hauteville La Guiscard. [Charlemagne & Others, Chart 3338b] Dau of Judith of Brittany and Richard II 'The Good', Duke of Normandy; m. Tancred, Sgr de Hauteville. [Larry Overmire b.c. 995; dau of Richard I 'the Fearless' of Normandy and Papia; m. Tancred de Hauteville; mother of Robert, Roger, Gerard, William, Umfrid, Galfrid, Malger, Alvered, Humbert and Fresenda. [Gary Lewis 1 2 3 Change Date: 23 Jun 2003 at 20:29:18 Father: Richard II le Bon, Count of NORMANDY b: 0951 in Normandy Mother: Judith of Rennes de BRETAGNE Duchess of Normandy b: 0974 in Rennes,Brittany,France Marriage 1 Tancred, Seigneur de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 0975 in Hauteville-le-Guichard,Coutances,Normandy Children Galfrid de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1016 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Umfrid de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1018 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Emma GUISCARD b: ABT 1020 in of Apulia,Sicily William de HAUTEVILLE Lord of Salerno b: ABT 1022 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Roger I the Great, Count of SICILY b: ABT 1024 in Sicily,Italy Fredesendis de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1025 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Robert the Wily GUISCARD Duke of Apulia b: ABT 1027 in of Apulia,Italy Malger de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1028 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Alvered de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1029 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Humbert de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 1031 in Hauteville-le-Guichard, Coutances, Normandy Sources: Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: The Norman Achievement, 1050-1100 Author: Douglas, David C. Publication: University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1969 Page: p. 41 Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: The Oxford History of Medieval Europe Author: Holmes, George, ed. Publication: Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1992 Repository: Name: Denver Public Library Title: Charlemagne, Alfred the Great and Other Ancestors Author: Mitchell, James T. Publication: 1991 Page: Chart 3338b From 'Glick/Foster Ancestry' at Rootsweb.com Child: 1. Robert "'the Wily'" Guiscard, Duke of ApuliaBorn ± ABT. 1027 at in of Apulia, Italy, died Jul 17, 1085 at Phiscardo Bay, Cephallonia, Sicily, approximately 58 years Name: Robert the Wily GUISCARD Duke of Apulia Surname: Guiscard Given Name: Robert the Wily NSFX: Duke of Apulia Sex: M Birth: ABT 1027 in of Apulia,Italy Death: 17 Jul 1085 in Phiscardo Bay,Cephallonia,Sicily DSCR: tall, ruddy complexion, fair hair Reference Number: Newlin _UID: 5AB857881D12FB488B714C0A1E7735CF4E09 Note: !Norman duke of Apulia and Calabria in southern Italy. [Funk & Wagnalls] FOSTER, NEWLIN LINE - 27th ggrandfather !Started his fantastic career in Italy in 1047. Captured Durazzo and began his invasion of the eastern empire in 1081. First Norman Duke of Apulia and Calabria; count of Sicily. [Leaders & Landmarks] !The Latin epic poem, "La Geste de Robert Guiscard", was written by William of Apulia about this Robert. [The Norman Advantage] !Known as "the Wise", fought and schemed so effectually as to promote himself to the title of Duke of Apulia. [Leaders & Landmarks, Vol. II, p. 32] Anna Comnena, who hated him, writes that he was of a tyrannous temper, in mind most cunning, and brave in action. Tall in stature and well proportioned, ruddy complexion, flaxen hair, broad shoulders, eyes that emitted sparks of fire. His shouting was loud enough to terrify armies, indomitable and ready to submit to nobody in the world. He arrived in Italy in 1047, and the start of his career was sordidly inconspicuous, as with a few followers he haunted the hills hiding in caves, and issuing out to attack travellers and rob them of their horses and weapons. He looted the inhabitants of Calabria without discrimination, and on occasion he stretched his depredations northwards in order to dispute the profits of pillage with his elder half-brothers. His growing power ws indicated by his marriage about 1050 with Aubree, the relative of a Norman holding a substantial estate at Buonalbergo near Benevento, and by her he was to have a son who was baptised Mark, but who on account of his size when in his mother's womb was to receive the nickname of the giant Bohemund, which he later made famous throughout Christendom. The marriage also marked the beginnings of Robert Guiscard's own successes as a conqueror. From this time forwards he 'devoured land'. [The Norman Achievement, p. 41-2] Between 1050-60 the settlements of Aversa and at Melfi were transformed into the Norman principality of Capua and into the Norman duchy of Apulia due to the efforts of Richard of Aversa and Robert Guiscard. [The Norman ..., p. 53] Following his brother Humfrey's death in 1057, Robert took the lead in the Norman advance in Apulia. His chief opponent was Gisulf II of Salerno, but in 1058 this man consented to treat with Robert and, in token of the pact between them Guiscard repudiated his Norman wife Aubree, and married Sigelgaita, Gisulf's sister. [The Norman Achievement, p. 54-55] Received as a vassal of Pope Nicholas II at Melfi in August 1059 with the ominous title of Duke of Apulia and Calabria by the Grace of God and of St. Peter; and, with their help in the future, Duke of Sicily. [The Norman, p. 55] Bari surrendered to him on 16 April 1071 and the rule of the eastern emperor in southern Italy, which had endured for over 5 centuries came to an end. [The Norman, p. 56] Beginning in 1074, Pope Gregory VII excommunicated Robert Guiscard three times over a 6-year period in respect of his seizure of Amalfi, Salerno and the march of Fermo. [The Norman, pp. 59-60] After the death of the Eastern Emperor Michael VII, Robert produced a Greek impostor whom he declared to be the deposed Emperor Michael, and he prepared to invade the eastern empire. At Ceprano, Gregory VII actually recognized the pseudo-Michael, and it was with papal support, and under a papal banner that in May 1081, Robert, together with his son Bohemund, set sail from Otranto with a considerable force. Having safely crossed the Adriatic, they seized the island of Corfu, and moved forward to attack Durazzo. He met unexpected opposition in the form of Emperor Alexis I and the seige continued through the winter while his enemies gathered back in Apulia -- Emperor Henry IV leading the pack. Bohemund was left to carry on the campaign against Alexis, while Robert returned to cover his flank. Bohemund was so successful that he began to threaten Constantinople itself. Nonetheless, he was defeated in 1083 by the imperial troops at Larissa, and one by one the Norman gains in the Balkans were lost. By the time Robert reached Rome, Emperor Henry had entered the city which was under flames and wholesale robbery, rape and murder. The loss of life must have been great, and many of the leading citizens were sent in slavery to Calabria. Both Gregory VI and Robert Guiscard died in 1085, Robert just as he was beginning another campaign on the island of Cephallonia. [The Norman, pp. 61-2] The Calabrians who came with R.G. to Civitate must have been serving him for pay; and mercenaries from southern Italy were being hired to support the expeditions which he and Roger took to Sicily in 1060, 1061, and 1072. Stipendiary troops from Apulia assisted the Norman capture of Bari in 1071, and soldiers from Calabria are known to have accompanied R.G. and Bohemund when they crossed the Adriatic in 1081. Even more noteworthy were the circumstances of R.G.'s march against Rome in 1084. Early in 1083 he levied an exceptionally heavy tribute on Bari, and he collected a large tax from all over Apulia and Calabria to pay for the soldiers he was to lead against Henry IV in the following year. It was certainly a very mixed army which went to the sack of Rome in 1084, but there were Saracens in it, and Moslem troops were constantly in the pay of Roger the Great Count. [The Norman, p. 78] The earliest Norman settlements in Italy were in the hill strongholds of Aversa and Melfi, and before 1055 R.G. was erecting castles in Calabria such as Scribla in the Val di Crati, at Rossano, and in the neighborhood of Cozenza, both at San Marco Argentano and at Scalea. When Roger came to Italy in 1056, R.G. at once set him up in a stronghold at Mileto, and the two brothers followed the same practice in Sicily. [The Norman, p. 86] When R.G. died in 1084, his sons and brother, with their followers, fell-a-fighting over his inheritance. R.G. himself had been compelled to face feudal opposition in Apulia in 1074, 1078, and 1082. [The Normans, p. 88] Hildebrand seated himself firmly at Rome, rebuking the heterodox Lombards, and demanding loyalty from the turbulent Normans, whose chief, Robert Guiscard, he solemnly excommunicated for ravaging the property of the Holy See. [Leaders & Landmarks, Vol. II, pp. 39-40] Charlemagne & Others, Chart 3333b 1 2 3 4 5 6 Change Date: 23 Jun 2003 at 20:45:18 Father: Tancred, Seigneur de HAUTEVILLE b: ABT 0975 in Hauteville-le-Guichard,Coutances,Normandy Mother: Fresende de NORMANDY b: ABT 0996 in Normandy, France Marriage 1 Aubree de BOURGOGNE b: ABT 1032 in of Buonalbergo,Benevento,Italy Divorced: Y Married: BEF 1052 in Buonalbergo, Benevento, Italy Children Bohemond I Mark of ANTIOCH Prince of Antioch b: ABT 1057 in of Taranto,Italy Marriage 2 Sichelgaita of LOMBARDY b: ABT 1030 in of Salerno,Lombardy,Italy Married: 1058/1059 Children Matilda d' HAUTVILLE b: ABT 1058 in of Apulia, Sicily Sibylla GUISCARD b: ABT 1060 in of Apulia,Sicily Emma GUISCARD b: ABT 1062 in Apulia, Italy Roger BORSA Duke of Apulia b: ABT 1063 in of Apulia,Italy Helena GUISCARD b: ABT 1064 in of Apulia, Sicily Mabel GUISCARD b: ABT 1066 in of Apulia, Sicily Guy GUISCARD b: ABT 1070 in ,,,Sicily Sources: Title: Royal House of Jerusalem: Counts of Edessa: Lords of Sidon and Caesarea Pedigree Chart Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: The Oxford History of Medieval Europe Author: Holmes, George, ed. Publication: Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, 1992 Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia Author: Bram, Leon L. V.P. and Ed. Dir.; Dickey, Norma H. Editor-in-Chief Publication: Funk & Wagnalls, Inc., 1986 Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: Leaders & Landmarks in European History, Volume II: The Middle Ages Author: Moncrieff, A.R. Hope; Chaytor, The Rev. H.J., M.A.. Publication: The Gresham Publishing Company, London, 1913 Page: p. 32-40 Repository: Name: Cheryl Varner Library Title: The Norman Achievement, 1050-1100 Author: Douglas, David C. Publication: University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1969 Page: p. 41-42, 53-88 Repository: Name: Denver Public Library Title: Charlemagne, Alfred the Great and Other Ancestors Author: Mitchell, James T. Publication: 1991 Page: Chart 3333b From 'Glick/Foster Ancestry' at Rootsweb.com | |||